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Type of Measure: The Children’s Scale of Hostility and Aggression: Reactive/Proactive (C-SHARP) is an instrument for measuring aggressive and hostile behavior in children and adolescents with developmental disabilities.

Target Population: Children and Adolescents with Intellectual or Developmental Disabilities

Measurement properties and previous use: The reliability and validity of the Children’s Scale of Hostility and Aggression: Reactive/Proactive (C-SHARP) was assessed through data from a survey of 365 children with I/DD aged 3–21 years and a second sample of chlidren aged 1-21 (414 with ASD and 243 without ASD). Interrater reliability was very high for the Problem Scale, which characterizes type of aggression. Reliability was lower but largely acceptable for the Provocation Scale, which assesses motivation. The Provocation Scale, which categorizes behavior as proactive or reactive, showed expected differences in children with DBD, but was less effective in those with ADHD. Version 2.0 of the C-SHARP removed several non-scoring items; thus the item numbers on the current (v2.0) C-SHARP differ from those on the original scale.

Languages: English, German, Romanian, Slovak, Persian, French, Spanish. This list may no longer be complete; please inquire with the scale authors about available translations. See user manual for translation instructions and requirements.

Authors and Citation: Farmer, C. & Aman, M. (2009). Development of the Children’s Scale of Hostility and Aggression: Reactive/Proactive (C-SHARP). Research in Developmental Disabilities, 30, 1155-1167.

Farmer, C.A., Kaat, A., Mazurek, M., Lainhart, J., DeWitt, M.B., Cook, Jr., E., Butter, E., & Aman, M.G. (2016). Confirmation of the Factor Structure and Measurement Invariance of the Children’s Scale of Hostility and Aggression: Reactive/Proactive (C-SHARP) in Clinic-Referred Children with and without ASD. Journal of Child and Adolescent Psychopharmacology, 26(1), 10-18.

Licence: Professionals working in the mental health field are welcome to copy and use the C-SHARP for clinical and research purposes. This includes physicians, psychologists, social workers, counselors, and individuals working under the direct supervision of such professionals. Nonprofessionals are urged not to make copies of these instruments.

1. Please do not alter the appearance, wording, or scoring system without prior agreement of the developers, Cristan Farmer (Cristan.Farmer@nih.gov) or Michael Aman (aman.1@osu.edu).
2. Please provide appropriate citation of the C-SHARP in any publication resulting from your work with the C-SHARP. Farmer & Aman (2009) should be used as the general reference for the CSHARP; Farmer et al. (2016) should be used as the reference for the psychometric properties of the C-SHARP

Link to measure: : The Children’s Scale of Hostility and Aggression: Reactive/Proactive (C-SHARP) Version 2.0

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